When a short circuit, either internal or external, occurs in a power battery, it rapidly releases a large amount of heat, causing a sharp temperature increase and potentially leading to thermal runaway. This heat can spread through conduction and flames, triggering thermal runaway in adjacent batteries and causing the entire battery module or pack to overheat, resulting in safety hazards such as fires or explosions in new energy vehicles. This is similar to a wildfire in a dense forest—if one tree catches fire, it can quickly spread, igniting a large area.

By placing aerogel insulation pads between battery packs, thermal diffusion can be effectively controlled, delaying the onset of such accidents when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cells. Additionally, aerogel insulation pads offer low thermal conductivity, exceptional heat retention, A-level fire resistance, and light weight. When used for battery pack insulation, they not only maintain optimal battery performance in low-temperature environments but also help maximize the available space in battery packs with limited room.